Soil and Groundwater Contamination Survey and Countermeasure Technologies

Category of Tchnology	Treatment	Treatment for Excavated Soil
Media	Soil
Contaminants	Heavy Metal (Cd, Pb, As, Hg, Se, etc)
	Applied (Demonstrated) Substances	Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd
Scope	Concentration Range
	Hydrogeological Conditions	-	-
	Chemical Soil Properties
	Other Remarks
Technology Description	Classification	Separation
	Status	Under Demonstration Soil and Groundwater Countermeasure Test Study (Performed 1995)
	Outline of Technology	Contaminated soil and calcium chloride mixture is heated to 800 to 1000°C to remove heavy metals as metal chloride whose boiling temperature is low.  Exhaust gas and effluent are cleaned.
	Required Pre- and Post-treatment	Exhaust gas treatment
	Enhance Effectiveness through Combination	Treated volume is desirably reduced with previous soil washing.
	Case History	Pb, Cd, Zn contents are considerably reduced by 800 to 1000°C heating in 30 to 60 minutes.  Cu, however, don’t reduce in this condition.  Soil environmental standard is cleared in all element.
	Application Examples	Long history as a heavy metal recovery technology for minerals and hazardous waste.
	Limitations
	Properties of Treated Soil	Possibility of Change in Properties
Schematic Flow Process
Applicability	In Situ Applicability	Not Possible
	Ground Structures	-
	Required Excavation	Excavated soil is treated (To be applied to the excavated soil)
	Groundwater Extraction	None
	Required Space	-
	Operational Time
	Installation Time
	Maintenance and Control Requirements
	Additional Remarks
Secondary Impacts to Environment	Secondary Treatment Required?	Effluent Water Treatment    Off-gas Treatment
	Effects on Living Environment	Noise
	Additives	Others (Calcium chloride)
	Possibility of Contaminant Spreading	None
	Secondary By-products	It may be needed to check the possibility of genertation of unintentional by-products depending upon the co-existing components in the contaminated soil.

• Understanding the Contamination Survey and Countermeasure Technology Description Sheet
• Where to make contact

Soil Environment Management Division, Water Environment Department, Environmental Management Bureau, Ministry of Environment
Tel: +81-3-5521-8319
E-mail: MOE@env.go.jp